In addition, it is likely to shed new light on molecular mechanisms of diseases that are not yet fully understood. ![]() (11-17) Characterization of unannotated and uncharacterized protein segments is expected to lead to the discovery of novel functions as well as provide important insights into existing biological processes. (8-10) Other aspects of function, such as the biological processes proteins participate in, may come from genetic- and disease-association studies, expression and interaction network data, and comparative genomics approaches that investigate genomic context. For instance, homology detection allows for the transfer of information from well-characterized protein segments to those with similar sequences that lack annotation of molecular function. ![]() (6, 7) Suggestions about potential protein function, primarily molecular function, often come from computational analysis of their sequences. (4, 5) Often these sequences are annotated as putative or hypothetical proteins, and for the majority their functions still remain unknown. (1, 2) While this may reflect the diversity in sequence space, and possibly also in function space, (3) a large proportion of the sequences lacks any useful function annotation. Over the past decade, we have observed a massive increase in the amount of information describing protein sequences from a variety of organisms.
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